History of the Teamsters Union (Smět 2024)
Teamsters Union, jméno International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America, dříve (do roku 1940) International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Stablemen and Helpers of America (IBT), největší soukromý odborový svaz ve Spojených státech, zastupující řidiče kamionů a pracovníky v souvisejících odvětvích (například v letectví).
Kvíz
Světové organizace: Fakta nebo fikce?
Světová zdravotnická organizace je specializovaná pobočka vlády Spojených států.
Svaz byl založen v roce 1903, kdy se mezinárodní tým Team Drivers International Union (1899) sloučil s národní unií Teamsters National 1964. Místní doručovatelé používající vozidla tažená koňmi zůstali jádrovým členstvím až do 30. let, kdy byli nahrazeni řidiči meziměstských nákladních vozidel. Od roku 1907 do roku 1952 vedl tento svazek Daniel J. Tobin, který do roku 1950 zvýšil počet členů ze 40 000 v roce 1907 na více než 1 000 000. Do roku 1940 se stal největším sdružením v zemi. Prezidenti Dave Beck (1952–57) a James Hoffa (1957–71) formoval Teamsters do silně centralizované unie schopné vyjednat celostátní dohody o přepravě zboží. Prezidenti Ron Carey (1992 - 1999) a James P. Hoffa (1999 -), syn bývalého prezidenta, se zaměřili na zabezpečení práce a rodinné záležitosti.
The union’s size, along with the threat of halting shipments of essential goods, gave the Teamsters great bargaining power. But the union’s magnitude also provided some officials with opportunities for violently pressuring small employers or profiting, in consort with organized crime, from the manipulation of union pension funds. In the wake of corruption disclosures implicating Teamster leadership, the American Federation of Labor–Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL–CIO) expelled the union in 1957—after almost 60 years of membership in the AFL.
Between 1957 and 1988, three of the Teamsters’ presidents—Beck, the elder Hoffa, and Roy L. Williams—were convicted of various crimes and sentenced to prison terms. After his release from prison, Hoffa disappeared in 1975; many believe he was killed by members of organized crime. The Teamsters Union was readmitted to the AFL–CIO in 1987. In 1988 the Justice Department filed a civil racketeering suit against the union, but the suit was settled out of court in 1989. In 1992, given their first chance to directly elect their national leaders, members chose as president Carey, the candidate supported by the reformist group Teamsters for a Democratic Union. While Teamster representation of truck drivers declined with the growth of nonunion trucking companies in the 1980s, the union gained many new members through its efforts to organize workers in clerical, service, and technology occupations.
In 1997 the Teamsters galvanized media attention and public support when their strike against United Parcel Service (UPS) stopped the delivery of thousands of packages worldwide. The strike centred on the extensive use of part-time employees by UPS. In the agreement negotiated with UPS, the Teamsters won 10,000 new full-time jobs over the course of the five-year contract. In later years the Teamsters became increasingly dissatisfied with the AFL-CIO, especially its inability to increase union membership. In 2005 the Teamsters disaffiliated from the AFL-CIO and, with several other unions, helped establish the Change to Win coalition.
