Charles Falconer, lord Falconer z Thorotonu, v plné výši Charles Leslie Falconer, (narozen 19. listopadu 1951, Edinburgh, Skotsko), britský politik, jehož termín jako kancléř pánů (2003–2007) byl poznamenán reformou právního systému Spojeného království.
Kvíz
English of Distinction: Fakta nebo fikce?
Jindřich VIII. Měl 10 manželek.
Falconer byl vzděláván na Trinity College v Glenalmond (nyní Glenalmond College) ve Skotsku a studoval právo na University of Cambridge, Queen's College. Jako chlapec se seznámil s Tonym Blairem (budoucím předsedou vlády Spojeného království) a v šedesátých letech dva dokonce soutěžili o rande se stejnou mladou ženou. V roce 1976 byli oba mladí advokáti ve stejné budově. Blair se na čas přestěhoval do bytu Falconera v jižním Londýně a oba se stali aktivními ve stejné místní pobočce Labour Party.
V 80. letech, po vstupu Blaira do politiky, pokračoval Falconer v úspěšné právní kariéře se specializací na obchodní právo. Oba zůstali blízko; kupovali domy blízko sebe v Islingtonu v severním Londýně a často spolu stolovali. V roce 1991, v nezvykle mladém věku 40 let, byl Falconer jmenován královskou radou (oficiální označení vyšších advokátů). Před všeobecnými volbami v roce 1997 (s labouristickou vládou téměř jistou po 18 letech v opozici) se snažil ucházet o parlament, ale byl odmítnut, protože poslal své děti do soukromých škol, které platily poplatky - něco, co aktivní místní práce Členové strany se nesmírně litovali.
Following Labour’s return to power in that election, Blair arranged for a life peerage for his old friend and appointed him solicitor general. In 1998 Falconer was moved to the Cabinet Office, where he came to public attention as the minister responsible for the controversial Millennium Dome. He defended a project that many considered indefensible with good humour, a stance that evoked admiration and criticism in equal measure. After brief terms as housing minister (2001) and minister for criminal justice (2002–03), on June 12, 2003, Falconer was named to the post of lord chancellor. On the same day, Blair announced the abolition of that position (first created in 605) and its replacement by the role of secretary of state for constitutional affairs. Falconer, as the 259th and last lord chancellor, as well as the first constitutional affairs secretary, was given the task of introducing the legislation for the change. Within Parliament and the legal profession, there was widespread support in principle for reform. New measures would finally separate politics and the judiciary and end the ability of a government minister to appoint senior judges. Blair’s appointment of his friend badly weakened the impact of a reform designed to curb patronage, but Falconer himself attracted little criticism—his skills, integrity, and easygoing style were admired across the political spectrum.
The reforms overseen by Falconer included the creation of a new supreme court. Although he ultimately failed to abolish the position of the lord chancellor, it was redefined by constitutional reform in 2006: the lord chief justice took over many of the judicial aspects of the role, and the lord chancellor was no longer to serve as speaker of the House of Lords. Falconer also dealt with interpretation of the Human Rights Act in regard to treatment of those suspected of terrorist activities—a controversial issue in the wake of the 2005 bombings of London’s Underground train system.
In May 2007, after the short-lived post of constitutional affairs secretary was abolished, Falconer became secretary of state for justice. A month later, after Gordon Brown became prime minister, Falconer was replaced by Jack Straw. Falconer took a position with a private American firm, wrote articles, and frequently appeared as a radio commentator. He also became chair of the John Smith Memorial Trust, honouring the late Labour Party leader. During Conservative David Cameron’s tenure as prime minister, Falconer served as shadow spokesman for justice (2010–15), shadow spokesman for constitutional and deputy priministerial issues (2011–15), and shadow lord chancellor and shadow secretary of state for justice (2015–16).
